>Sqrt of 2: Replaced with higher quality image (still noisy, but not as bad as the other)

2024-01-24T02:04:17Z

Replaced with higher quality image (still noisy, but not as bad as the other)

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{{infobox element
|name =fluorine
|symbol =F
|Z =9
|number =9
|abundance=
|abundance in earth's crust=
|abundance in oceans=
|abundance in solar system=
|left=[[oxygen]]
|right=[[neon]]
|above=–
|below=[[Chlorine|Cl]]
|appearance=gas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent
|image name=Fluoro liquido a -196°C 1.jpg
|electrons per shell=2, 7
|phase=
|phase comment=
|density gplstp=1.696
|density gplstp ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000| p=382}}
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3nrt 2=
|density gpcm3mp=
|density gpcm3bp=1.505
|density gpcm3bp ref={{sfn|Compressed Gas Association|1999|p=365}}
|melting point prefix=(F2)
|melting point K=53.48
|melting point C=−219.67
|melting point F=−363.41
|melting point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}}
|boiling point prefix=(F2)
|boiling point K=85.03
|boiling point C=−188.11
|boiling point F=−306.60
|boiling point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}}
|triple point K=53.48
|triple point kPa=.252
|triple point ref=<ref>{{cite web |title=Triple Point {{!}} The Elements Handbook at KnowledgeDoor |url=https://www.knowledgedoor.com/2/elements_handbook/triple_point.html |website=KnowledgeDoor}}</ref>
|critical point K=144.41
|critical point MPa=5.1724
|critical point ref={{sfn|Haynes|2011|p=4.121}}
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=6.51
|heat vaporization ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000|p=382}}
|heat capacity=Cp: 31
|heat capacity comment=(at 21.1 °C)
|heat capacity ref={{sfn|Compressed Gas Association|1999|p=365}}
|heat capacity 2=Cv: 23
|heat capacity 2 comment=(at 21.1 °C)
|heat capacity 2 ref={{sfn|Compressed Gas Association|1999|p=365}}
|vapor pressure 1=38
|vapor pressure 10=44
|vapor pressure 100=50
|vapor pressure 1 k=58
|vapor pressure 10 k=69
|vapor pressure 100 k=85
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure prefix=
|crystal structure=cubic
|crystal structure ref=
|crystal structure comment=
|electronegativity=3.98
|electronegativity ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000|p=381}}
|number of ionization energies=4
|ionization energy 1=1681
|ionization energy 2=3374
|ionization energy 3=6147
|ionization energy ref={{sfn|Dean|1999|p=4.6}}
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=64
|covalent radius ref={{sfn|Dean|1999|p=4.35}}
|Van der Waals radius=135
|Van der Waals radius ref={{sfn|Matsui|2006|p=257}}
|covalent radius comment=
|magnetic ordering=[[diamagnetic]] (−1.2×10−4)
|magnetic ordering ref={{sfn|Mackay|Mackay|Henderson|2002|p=72}}{{sfn|Cheng et al.|1999}}
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=0.02591
|thermal conductivity ref={{sfn|Yaws|Braker|2001|p=385}}
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|magnetic susceptibility=
|magnetic susceptibility ref=
|Young's modulus=
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=
|Poisson ratio=
|Mohs hardness=
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=
|CAS number=7782-41-4
|CAS number ref={{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000|p=381}}
|naming=after the mineral [[fluorite]], itself named after Latin {{lang|la|fluo}} (to flow, in smelting)
|predicted by=
|prediction date=
|discovered by=[[André-Marie Ampère]]
|discovery date=1810
|first isolation by=[[Henri Moissan]]{{sfn|Jaccaud et al.|2000| p=381}}
|first isolation date=June 26, 1886
|named by={{plainlist|
*[[Humphry Davy]]
*[[André-Marie Ampère]]}}
|named date=
|history comment label=
|history comment=
|QID=Q650
}}<noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=F}}
{{Template reference list}}
One of these is a [[WP:REFNAME|named reference]]. It may be cited in the containing article as
*<nowiki><ref name="CIAAW2013" /></nowiki> for the source ''Atomic weights of the elements 2013'' (from subtemplates used by {{tl|Infobox element}})
The others are [[Help:Shortened footnotes|shortened footnotes]] created with {{tl|sfn}}. In the Fluorine article they are hyperlinked to sources in the list at [[Fluorine#Indexed references]].

;Sources
*{{Cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=H. |last2=Fowler |first2=D. E. |last3=Henderson |first3=P. B. |last4=Hobbs |first4=J. P. |last5=Pascolini |first5=M. R. |title=On the Magnetic Susceptibility of Fluorine |journal=The Journal of Physical Chemistry A |volume=103 |issue=15 |pages=2861–2866 |year=1999 |doi=10.1021/jp9844720 |bibcode=1999JPCA..103.2861C |ref={{harvid|Cheng et al.|1999}}}}
*{{cite report|last1=Chisté|first1=V.|last2=Bé|first2=M. M.|chapter=F-18|title=Table de radionucléides |chapter-url=http://www.nucleide.org/DDEP_WG/Nuclides/F-18_tables.pdf |publisher=CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), LIST, LNE-LNHB (Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique)|access-date=15 June 2011|display-editors=4|editor=Bé, M. M. |editor2=Coursol, N. |editor3=Duchemin, B. |editor4=Lagoutine, F. |editor5=Legrand, J. |editor6=Debertin, K. |editor7=Schönfeld, E. |date=2011}}
*{{cite book|author=Compressed Gas Association|title=Handbook of Compressed Gases|publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers|edition=4th|date=1999|location=Boston|isbn=978-0-412-78230-5}}
*{{cite book|last=Dean|first=John A.|title=Lange's Handbook of Chemistry|edition=15th|publisher=McGraw-Hill |date=1999|isbn=0-07-016190-9|location=New York}}
*{{cite book|editor-last=Haynes|editor-first=William M.|title=Handbook of Chemistry and Physics |publisher=CRC Press|edition=92nd|date=2011|location=Boca Raton|isbn=978-1-4398-5511-9}}
*{{Ullmann |last1=Jaccaud |first1=M. |last2=Faron |first2=R. |last3=Devilliers |first3=D. |last4=Romano |first4=R. |pages=381–395 |year=2000 |isbn=3527306730 |title=Fluorine |doi=10.1002/14356007.a11_293 |ref={{harvid|Jaccaud et al.|2000}}}}
*{{cite book|last1=Mackay|first1=Kenneth Malcolm|last2=Mackay|first2=Rosemary Ann|last3=Henderson|first3=W. |title=Introduction to Modern Inorganic Chemistry|date=2002|edition=6th|publisher=Nelson Thornes |location=Cheltenham |isbn=0-7487-6420-8}}
*{{cite book|last1=Matsui|first1=M.|date=2006|chapter=Fluorine-containing Dyes|title=Functional dyes|editor-first=Sung-Hoon|editor-last=Kim|pages=257–266|location=Orlando|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-412490-5}}
*{{cite book|last1=Yaws|first1=Carl L.|last2=Braker|first2=William|title=Matheson Gas Data Book |chapter=Fluorine|publisher=Matheson Tri-Gas|location=Parsippany|date=2001|isbn=978-0-07-135854-5 |edition=7th}}
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
[[Category:Templates that generate named references]]
</noinclude>

Template:Infobox fluorine - Revision history

>Sqrt of 2: Replaced with higher quality image (still noisy, but not as bad as the other)