>MadeOfAtoms: use {{efn}} instead of for the thermal expansion details

2024-02-19T09:49:16Z

use {{efn}} instead of <ref> for the thermal expansion details

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{{Infobox element
|name =gallium
|symbol =Ga
|Z =31
|number =31
|abundance=
|abundance in earth's crust=
|abundance in oceans=
|abundance in solar system=
|left=[[zinc]]
|right=[[germanium]]
|above=[[aluminium|Al]]
|below=[[Indium|In]]
|appearance=silvery blue
|image name=Gallium crystals.jpg
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 3
|phase=
|density=5.907 g/cm3<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />
|density conditions=(at 20° C)
|density gpcm3mp=6.095
|melting point K=302.9146
|melting point C=29.7646
|melting point F=85.5763
|boiling point K=2676
|boiling point ref=<ref name=Zhang>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/je1011086|title=Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231538496_Corrected_Values_for_Boiling_Points_and_Enthalpies_of_Vaporization_of_Elements_in_Handbooks|author=Zhang Y|author2= Evans JRG |author3= Zhang S|journal=J. Chem. Eng. Data|year=2011|volume=56 |issue=2|pages=328–337}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Gallium (CAS Number 7440-55-3) : Strem Product Catalog |url=https://www.strem.com/catalog/v/93-3145/23/gallium_7440-55-3 |website=Strem Chemicals Inc. |access-date=4 December 2023}}</ref>
|boiling point C=2403
|boiling point F=4357
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=5.59
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=256
|heat vaporization ref=<ref name=Zhang/>
|heat capacity=25.86
|vapor pressure 1=1310
|vapor pressure 10=1448
|vapor pressure 100=1620
|vapor pressure 1 k=1838
|vapor pressure 10 k=2125
|vapor pressure 100 k=2518
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=base-centered orthorhombic
|crystal structure Pearson symbol=oS8
|lattice constants=''a'' = 452.05 pm ''b'' = 766.25 pm ''c'' = 452.66 pm (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018">{{cite book |last=Arblaster |first= John W. |title=Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements |publisher=ASM International |publication-place=Materials Park, Ohio |date=2018 |isbn=978-1-62708-155-9}}</ref>
|electronegativity=1.81
|number of ionization energies=4
|ionization energy 1=578.8
|ionization energy 2=1979.3
|ionization energy 3=2963
|atomic radius=135
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=122±3
|Van der Waals radius=187
|magnetic ordering=[[diamagnetism|diamagnetic]]
|Curie point K=
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=270
|thermal conductivity=40.6
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion comment={{val|20.5|e=−6}}/K (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />{{efn|text=The thermal expansion is [[Anisotropy|anisotropic]]: the parameters (in the range 280–302.9 K) are α''a'' = {{val|31.9|e=−6}}/K, α''b'' = {{val|16.2|e=−6}}/K, α''c'' = {{val|13.3|e=−6}}/K, and αaverage = {{val|20.5|e=−6}}/K.<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />}}
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=2740
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|magnetic susceptibility= {{val|−21.6|e=−6}}
|magnetic susceptibility ref= (at 290 K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref>
|Young's modulus=9.8
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=
|Poisson ratio=0.47
|Mohs hardness=1.5
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=56.8–68.7
|CAS number=7440-55-3
|naming=after {{lang|la|Gallia}} (Latin for: France), homeland of the discoverer
|predicted by=[[Dmitri Mendeleev]]
|prediction date=1871
|discovery and first isolation by=[[Lecoq de Boisbaudran]]
|discovery date=1875
|QID=Q861
}}<noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=Ga}}
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
{{Template reference list}}
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
</noinclude>

Template:Infobox gallium - Revision history

>MadeOfAtoms: use {{efn}} instead of for the thermal expansion details