>Bernanke's Crossbow: Additional named ref, reformat

2024-04-05T20:51:45Z

Additional named ref, reformat

New page

{{infobox element
|engvar ={{{engvar|}}}
|name =phosphorus
|symbol =P
|Z =15
|number =15
|appearance=white, red and violet are waxy, black is metallic-looking
|abundance=
|abundance in earth's crust=5.2 (silicon = 100)
|abundance in oceans=
|abundance in solar system=
|left=[[silicon]]
|right=[[sulfur]]
|above=[[nitrogen|N]]
|below=[[arsenic|As]]
|image name={{Multiple image
| total_width = 250
| image1 = Weißer Phosphor.JPG
| caption1 = Waxy white
| image2 = Phosphor rot.jpg
| caption2 = Light red
| border = infobox
| image3 = Phosphor-rot-violett.jpg
| caption3 = Dark red and violet
| image4 = Black Phosphorus Ampoule.jpg
| caption4 = Black
| perrow = 2 / 1 / 1
| header = Forms of phosphorus
}}
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 5
|phase=
|phase comment=
|density gplstp=
|density gpcm3nrt=white: 1.823 g/cm3 red: ≈2.2–2.34
|density gpcm3nrt 2=violet: 2.36
|density gpcm3nrt 3=black: 2.69
|density gpcm3mp=
|melting point K=white: 317.3
|melting point C=44.15
|melting point F=111.5
|melting point comment= red: &sim;860 K (&sim;590 °C, &sim;1090 °F)<ref>{{Britannica|457568|Phosphorus}}</ref>
|sublimation point K=red: ≈689.2–863
|sublimation point C=≈416–590
|sublimation point F=≈780.8–1094
|sublimation point comment= violet: 893 K (620 °C, 1148 °F)
|boiling point K=white: 553.7
|boiling point C=280.5
|boiling point F=536.9
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=

|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=white: 0.66
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=white: 51.9
|heat capacity=white: 23.824
|vapor pressure 1=279
|vapor pressure 10=307
|vapor pressure 100=342
|vapor pressure 1 k=388
|vapor pressure 10 k=453
|vapor pressure 100 k=549
|vapor pressure comment=(white)
|vapor pressure 1 2=455
|vapor pressure 10 2=489
|vapor pressure 100 2=529
|vapor pressure 1 k 2=576
|vapor pressure 10 k 2=635
|vapor pressure 100 k 2=704
|vapor pressure 2 comment=(red)
|crystal structure=body-centred cubic
|crystal structure prefix=α-white:
|crystal structure Pearson symbol=cI232
|lattice constant=''a'' = 1.869 nm (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018">{{cite book |last=Arblaster |first= John W. |title=Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements |publisher=ASM International |publication-place=Materials Park, Ohio |date=2018 |isbn=978-1-62708-155-9}}</ref>
|crystal structure 2 prefix =black:
|crystal structure 2=orthorhombic
|crystal structure 2 Pearson symbol=oS8
|lattice constants 2=''a'' = 0.33137 nm ''b'' = 1.0477 nm ''c'' = 0.43755 nm (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />
|electronegativity=2.19
|number of ionization energies=4
|ionization energy 1=1011.8
|ionization energy 2=1907
|ionization energy 3=2914.1
|atomic radius=
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=107±3
|Van der Waals radius=180
|magnetic ordering=white, red, violet, black: [[diamagnetic]]<ref>{{cite book |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }}
</ref>
|electrical resistivity=
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|thermal conductivity=white: 0.236
|thermal conductivity 2=black: 12.1
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion at 25=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|magnetic susceptibility= {{val|−20.8|e=−6}}
|magnetic susceptibility ref= (293 K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref>
|Young's modulus=
|Shear modulus=
|Bulk modulus=white: 5 GPa red: 11
|Poisson ratio=
|Mohs hardness=
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=
|CAS number=7723-14-0
|CAS number comment= (red) 12185-10-3 (white)
|predicted by=
|prediction date=
|discovered by=[[Hennig Brand]]
|discovery date=1669
|first isolation by=
|first isolation date=
|named by=
|named date=
|history comment label=Recognised as an element by
|history comment= [[Antoine Lavoisier]]<ref name=LavMem1rySrc>cf. "[http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/Lavoisier1.html Memoir on Combustion in General]" ''Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences'' 1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein, ''A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900'' (New York: McGraw Hill, 1952)</ref> (1777)
|QID=Q674
}}<noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=P}}
{{Template reference list}}
Two of these are [[WP:REFNAME|named references]]. They may be cited in the containing article as
; <nowiki><ref name="CIAAW2013" /></nowiki>: ''Atomic weights of the elements 2013'' (from subtemplates used by {{tl|Infobox element}})
; <nowiki><ref name="LavMem1rySrc /></nowiki>: Lavoisier's "Memoir on Combustion in General".
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
[[Category:Templates that generate named references]]
</noinclude>

Template:Infobox phosphorus - Revision history

>Bernanke's Crossbow: Additional named ref, reformat