>MadeOfAtoms: update m.p. and give source

2024-04-03T08:59:50Z

update m.p. and give source

New page

{{Infobox element
|symbol =Pr
|Z =59
|number =59
|name =praseodymium
|abundance=
|abundance in earth's crust=
|abundance in oceans=
|abundance in solar system=
|left=[[cerium]]
|right=[[neodymium]]
|above=–
|below=[[protactinium|Pa]]
|image name=Praseodymium.jpg
|appearance=grayish white
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 21, 8, 2
|phase=
|density=6.773 g/cm3 <ref name="Arblaster 2018" />
|density conditions=(at 20° C)
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3mp=6.50
|melting point K=1204
|melting point C=931
|melting point F=1708
|melting point ref=<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />
|boiling point K=3403
|boiling point C=3130
|boiling point F=5666
|heat fusion=6.89
|heat vaporization=331
|heat capacity=27.20
|vapor pressure 1=1771
|vapor pressure 10=1973
|vapor pressure 100= (2227)
|vapor pressure 1 k= (2571)
|vapor pressure 10 k= (3054)
|vapor pressure 100 k= (3779)
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=double hexagonal close packed
|crystal structure Pearson symbol=hP4
|lattice constants=''a'' = 0.36723 nm ''c'' = 1.18328 nm (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018">{{cite book |last=Arblaster |first= John W. |title=Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements |publisher=ASM International |publication-place=Materials Park, Ohio |date=2018 |isbn=978-1-62708-155-9}}</ref>
|electronegativity=1.13
|number of ionization energies=3
|ionization energy 1=527
|ionization energy 2=1020
|ionization energy 3=2086
|atomic radius=182
|covalent radius=203±7
|magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref name=jackson>{{cite journal|author=Jackson, M. |year=2000|title=Magnetism of Rare Earth|url=http://www.irm.umn.edu/quarterly/irmq10-3.pdf |journal=The IRM quarterly |volume=10|issue=3|page=1}}</ref>
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=µ
|electrical resistivity=poly: 0.700
|electrical resistivity comment=(at {{abbr|r.t.|room temperature}})
|thermal conductivity=12.5
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion comment={{val|4.5|e=−6}}/K (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />{{efn|text=The thermal expansion is highly [[Anisotropy|anisotropic]]: the parameters (at 20 °C) for each crystal axis are α''a'' = {{val|1.4|e=−6}}/K, α''c'' = {{val|10.8|e=−6}}/K, and αaverage = αV/3 = {{val|4.5|e=−6}}/K.}}
|speed of sound rod at 20=2280
|magnetic susceptibility= {{val|+5010.0|e=−6}}
|magnetic susceptibility ref= (293 K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref>
|Young's modulus=37.3
|Shear modulus=14.8
|Bulk modulus=28.8
|Poisson ratio=0.281
|Vickers hardness=250–745
|Brinell hardness=250–640
|CAS number=7440-10-0
|discovered by=[[Carl Auer von Welsbach]]
|discovery date=1885
|QID=Q1386
}}<noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=Pr}}
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{Template reference list}}
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
</noinclude>

Template:Infobox praseodymium - Revision history

>MadeOfAtoms: update m.p. and give source