>Burzuchius at 09:00, 14 February 2025

2025-02-14T09:00:36Z

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{{Infobox element
|image name=
|symbol =Pm
|Z =61
|number =61
|name =promethium
|abundance=
|abundance in earth's crust=
|abundance in oceans=
|abundance in solar system=
|left=[[neodymium]]
|right=[[samarium]]
|above=–
|below=[[neptunium|Np]]
|appearance=metallic
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
|phase=
|density=α-145Pm: 7.149 g/cm3 α-147Pm: 7.247 g/cm3 <ref name="Arblaster 2018" />
|density conditions=(at 20° C)
|density gpcm3nrt=
|melting point K=1315
|melting point C=1042
|melting point F=1908
|boiling point K=3273
|boiling point C=3000
|boiling point F=5432
|heat fusion=7.13
|heat vaporization=289
|crystal structure=double hexagonal close packed
|crystal structure Pearson symbol=hP4
|lattice constants=''a'' = 0.36393 pm ''c'' = 1.1739 pm (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018">{{cite book |last=Arblaster |first= John W. |title=Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements |publisher=ASM International |publication-place=Materials Park, Ohio |date=2018 |isbn=978-1-62708-155-9}}</ref>
|electronegativity=1.13
|electronegativity comment=(?)
|number of ionization energies=3
|ionization energy 1=540
|ionization energy 2=1050
|ionization energy 3=2150
|atomic radius=183
|covalent radius=199
|magnetic ordering=[[paramagnetic]]
|magnetic ordering ref=<ref name=magnet>{{cite book |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf|chapter=Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds| editor = Lide, D. R. | title = CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics | edition = 86th | location = Boca Raton (FL) | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2005 | isbn = 0-8493-0486-5 }}</ref>
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=µ
|electrical resistivity=est. 0.75
|electrical resistivity comment=(at {{abbr|r.t.|room temperature}})
|thermal conductivity=17.9
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion comment={{val|9.0|e=−6}}/K (at [[Room temperature|r.t.]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Cverna, Fran |title=ASM Ready Reference: Thermal properties of metals |date=2002 |publisher=ASM International |isbn=978-0-87170-768-0 |url=http://www.owlnet.rice.edu/~msci301/ThermalExpansion.pdf |chapter=Ch. 2 Thermal Expansion}}</ref>{{efn|text=The thermal expansion of Pm is [[Anisotropy|anisotropic]]: the parameters for each crystal axis (at 20 °C) are α''a'' = {{val|11.1|e=−6}}/K, α''c'' = {{val|15.0|e=−6}}/K, and αaverage = αV/3 = {{val|12.4|e=−6}}/K.<ref name="Arblaster 2018" />}}
|magnetic susceptibility=
|magnetic susceptibility ref=
|Young's modulus=α form: est. 46
|Shear modulus=α form: est. 18
|Bulk modulus=α form: est. 33
|Poisson ratio=α form: est. 0.28
|CAS number=7440-12-2
|discovered by=[[Charles D. Coryell]], [[Jacob A. Marinsky]], [[Lawrence E. Glendenin]]
|discovery date=1945
|first isolation by=F. Weigel
|first isolation date=1963
|named by=Grace Mary Coryell
|named date=1945
|QID=Q1809
}}<noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=Pm}}
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{Template reference list}}
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
</noinclude>

Template:Infobox promethium - Revision history

>Burzuchius at 09:00, 14 February 2025