>Burzuchius at 19:58, 18 February 2025

2025-02-18T19:58:24Z

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{{Infobox element
|symbol =Sc
|Z =21
|number =21
|name =scandium
|abundance=
|abundance in earth's crust=
|abundance in oceans=
|abundance in solar system=
|left=[[calcium]]
|right=[[titanium]]
|above=–
|below=[[yttrium|Y]]
|appearance=silvery white
|image name=Scandium_sublimed_dendritic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg
|electrons per shell=2, 8, 9, 2
|phase=
|density gplstp=
|density=2.989 g/cm3 <ref name="Arblaster 2018" />
|density conditions=(at 20° C)
|density gpcm3nrt=
|density gpcm3mp=2.80
|melting point K=1814
|melting point C=1541
|melting point F=2806
|boiling point K=3109
|boiling point C=2836
|boiling point F=5136
|triple point K=
|triple point kPa=
|critical point K=
|critical point MPa=
|heat fusion=14.1
|heat fusion 2=
|heat vaporization=332.7
|heat capacity=25.52
|vapor pressure 1=1645
|vapor pressure 10=1804
|vapor pressure 100=(2006)
|vapor pressure 1 k=(2266)
|vapor pressure 10 k=(2613)
|vapor pressure 100 k=(3101)
|vapor pressure comment=
|crystal structure=hexagonal close packed
|crystal structure Pearson symbol=hP2
|lattice constants=''a'' = 330.89 pm ''c'' = 526.80 pm (at 20 °C)<ref name="Arblaster 2018">{{cite book |last=Arblaster |first= John W. |title=Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements |publisher=ASM International |publication-place=Materials Park, Ohio |date=2018 |isbn=978-1-62708-155-9}}</ref>
|electronegativity=1.36
|number of ionization energies=4
|ionization energy 1=633.1
|ionization energy 2=1235.0
|ionization energy 3=2388.6
|atomic radius=162
|atomic radius calculated=
|covalent radius=170±7
|Van der Waals radius=211
|magnetic ordering=paramagnetic
|thermal conductivity=15.8
|thermal conductivity 2=
|thermal diffusivity=
|thermal expansion=
|thermal expansion comment={{val|9.97|e=−6}}/K (at 20 °C){{efn|text=The thermal expansion of scandium is [[Anisotropy|anisotropic]]: the [[Thermal expansion#Coefficients|coefficients]] for each crystal axis are (at 20 °C): α''a'' = {{val|7.98|e=−6}}/K, α''c'' = {{val|13.94|e=−6}}/K, and αaverage = αV/3 = {{val|9.97|e=−6}}/K.}}
|thermal expansion at 25=
|electrical resistivity=α, poly: 562
|electrical resistivity unit prefix=n
|electrical resistivity comment = (at r.t., calculated)
|electrical resistivity at 0=
|electrical resistivity at 20=
|speed of sound=
|speed of sound rod at 20=
|speed of sound rod at r.t.=
|magnetic susceptibility= {{val|+315.0|e=−6}}
|magnetic susceptibility ref= (292 K)<ref>{{Cite book|title=CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics|last=Weast|first=Robert|publisher=Chemical Rubber Company Publishing|year=1984|isbn=0-8493-0464-4|location=Boca Raton, Florida|pages=E110}}</ref>
|Young's modulus=74.4
|Shear modulus=29.1
|Bulk modulus=56.6
|Poisson ratio=0.279
|Mohs hardness=
|Vickers hardness=
|Brinell hardness=736–1200
|CAS number=7440-20-2
|naming=after [[Scandinavia]]
|predicted by=[[Dmitri Mendeleev]]
|prediction date=1871
|discovered by=[[Lars Fredrik Nilson]]
|discovery date=1879
|first isolation by=W. Fischer, K. Brünger, H. Grieneisen
|first isolation date=1937
|QID=Q713
}}<noinclude>
{{Infobox element/element navigation|symbol=Sc}}
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{Template reference list}}
{{documentation|1=Template:Infobox element/doc}}
</noinclude>

Template:Infobox scandium - Revision history

>Burzuchius at 19:58, 18 February 2025