Template:Infobox chromium

Chromium, ₂₄Cr

File:Chromium crystals and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Chromium
Appearance	silvery metallic
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Cr)
	51.9961±0.0006 51.996±0.001 (abridged)
Chromium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ Cr ↓ Mo vanadium ← chromium → manganese
Atomic number (Z)	24
Group	group 6
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d5 4s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 13, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	2180 K ​(1907 °C, ​3465 °F)
Boiling point	2944 K ​(2671 °C, ​4840 °F)
Density (at 20° C)	7.192 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	6.3 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	21.0 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	347 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	23.35 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1656 1807 1991 2223 2530 2942
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +3, +6 −4, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +4, +5
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.66
Ionization energies	1st: 652.9 kJ/mol 2nd: 1590.6 kJ/mol 3rd: 2987 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 128 pm
Covalent radius	139±5 pm
Color lines in a spectral range Spectral lines of chromium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​body-centered cubic (bcc) (cI2)
Lattice constant	Body-centered cubic crystal structure for chromium a = 288.49  pm (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion	4.81×10−6/K (at 20 °C)
Thermal conductivity	93.9 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	125 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	antiferromagnetic (rather: SDW)
Molar magnetic susceptibility	+280.0×10−6 cm3/mol (273 K)
Young's modulus	279 GPa
Shear modulus	115 GPa
Bulk modulus	160 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	5940 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.21
Mohs hardness	8.5
Vickers hardness	1060 MPa
Brinell hardness	687–6500 MPa
CAS Number	7440-47-3
History
Discovery and first isolation	Louis Nicolas Vauquelin (1794, 1797)
Isotopes of chromium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 50Cr 4.34% stable 51Cr synth 27.7025 d ε 51V γ – 52Cr 83.8% stable 53Cr 9.50% stable 54Cr 2.37% stable

Cr · Chromium
V ← ibox V	iso 24 Cr  [] IB-Cr [] IBisos []	→ Mn ibox Mn
File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Cr (0) File:Symbol category class.svg cat:Cr-isotopes (0) File:Commons-logo.svg Commons File:Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata:Q725 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary
indexes by PT (page)

child table, as reused in {IB-Cr}
Main isotopes of chromium
Main isotopes Decay abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct 50Cr 4.34% stable 51Cr synth 27.7025 d ε 51V γ – 52Cr 83.8% stable 53Cr 9.50% stable 54Cr 2.37% stable

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
Top image (caption, alt)	caption: alt:
Pronunciation
Allotropes (overview)
Group (overview)
Period (overview)
Block (overview)
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (0) · (this table: )

References

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